Short Interval Staged Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty: Safety Compared to Simultaneous and Later Staged Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty

BackgroundSimultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty (sim-BTKA) is reported to be safe in a select group of patients. Patients with symptomatic bilateral knee arthritis who are not candidates for sim-BTKA require staged surgery (stag-BTKA). This study aimed to compare the safety and complications associated with sim-BTKA with stag-BTKA performed at 2 time intervals.MethodsThis retrospective study of prospectively collected data includes bilateral TKA cases performed between 2001 and 2019. A cohort of sim-BTKA (n = 2728) was compared to a cohort of stag-BTKA (n = 1658). The staged group was subdivided according to the interval between surgeries: ≤90 days (early) and ≥91 days (later). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to adjust for confounding variables.ResultsIn-hospital complication rates were lower in both arms of the stag-BTKA groups vs the sim-BTKA. The sim-BTKA group had higher odds ratio of anemia, electrolyte disturbances, pulmonary embolism, and respiratory, urinary, gastrointestinal, and neurological complications. Lower rates of all-cause revision were found in stag-BTKA vs sim-BTKA groups. There was a trend toward revision due to deep infection when increasing the interim before the second stag-BTKA procedure. No differences in complication rates after the second surgery were detected between the early and later stag-BTKA.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that sim-BTKA is associated with more complications and revisions when compared to stag-BTKA. Performing the second-stage TKA at 90 days or less after the first TKA is not associated with increased risk of complications. Performing sim-BTKA, simply for convenience, is not warranted and should be reserved for a select group of patient matching specific criteria.     

FOODLIT-PRO: conceptual and empirical development of the food literacy wheel

Abstract

Pursuing food systems’ sustainability is crucial. Given the risk constituted by unhealthy diets, scarce research on food-related adjacent fields, and inconsistency across food literacy conceptualizations, this study aims to explore the constructs’ definition and develop a conceptual and empirical framework of food literacy. A quantitative approach was taken on previously obtained qualitative outcomes from 30 interviews with experts from food-related fields. Food literacy was defined by a four-dimension model: Cooking Skills, Preserve and Analyse, Choice and Acquisition, Search and Plan. The framework Food Literacy Wheel integrates the construct definition, food literacy determinants (Internal, External) and influential factors (Nutritional, Psychological, Health, Learning Contexts, Policy, Industry, Sustainability, Social and Cultural). Allowing a broader perspective of food literacy within major food systems, this study contributes with new insights for future instruments and interventions, paving the way to develop/implement food literacy-related multi-sectorial and multilevel actions.     

无痛内镜的护理安全管理探讨

目的 探讨无痛内镜的护理安全管理的临床意义。方法 选择护理安全管理实施前(2019年2～6月)和实施后(2019年7～11月)在我院消化内镜室进行无痛胃镜检查的患者160例作为研究对象,实施前后分别作为对照组和观察组,每组80例。对照组实施常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上实施严格的护理安全管理。比较两组患者的护理质量评分、检查后的不良反应发生率、对护理工作的满意度以及医务人员职业暴露发生率。结果 观察组患者的护理质量评分为(97.28±2.60)分,显著高于对照组的(90.74±2.59)分(P0.05)。观察组的患者不良反应发生率为5.00%,显著低于对照组的31.25%(P0.05)。观察组的患者对护理工作的满意度为98.75%,显著高于对照组的85.00%(P0.05)。观察组的医务人员职业暴露发生率为7.50%,显著低于对照组的25.00%(P0.05)。结论无痛胃镜检查时严格执行护理安全管理,能提高护理质量和患者的满意度,降低患者的不良反应和医务人员的职业暴露发生率。     

Valorization of food processing wastes and by-products for bioplastic production

The global plastic production is reaching new altitudes every year. Growing production of petroleum-based plastics has incurred in disposal issues raising the concerns of plastic pollution and impact to the environment. These issues have encouraged innovation and research activities in the field of bioplastics, offering alternatives for conventional plastics. In recent years, global bioplastic production has also witnessed tremendous growth and expansion. Some of the main drivers of this growth are innovative biopolymers such as Polylactic acid (PLA) and Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). However, industrial expenses to produce bioplastics are much higher when compared to petroleum-derived plastics (e.g. industrial PHA production is estimated to be 5–10 times more expensive than petroleum-derived polymers). In this regard, globally many researchers have investigated for more environmentally friendly and cost-effective alternatives to produce plastics. One potential option to pursue would be to explore agri-food wastes and by-products for bioplastic production. This would not only reduce the volume of wastes and by-products, but also production costs incurred. This review paper provides an overview of bioplastics, including production methods and possibilities of industrial food waste valorization for bioplastic production.     

腹腔镜辅助经肛全直肠系膜切除术治疗中低位直肠癌的临床疗效（附15例）

目的:探讨腹腔镜辅助经肛全直肠系膜切除术（laparoscopic-assisted transanal total mesorectal excision,La-TaTME）治疗中低位直肠癌的安全性及近期疗效。方法:回顾性分析南华大学附属第一医院胃肠外科2017年12月至2018年6月施行La-TaTME术的15例中低位直肠癌患者的临床资料。结果:15例患者中，男性10例，女性5例，年龄为（52.7±6.4）岁，体质量指数为（24.8±2.1）kg/m2。15例患者均顺利完成手术，无一例中转开腹；手术时间为（293.5±72.4）min，术中出血量为（91.8±24.6）mL；术后造口排气时间为（1.8±0.6）d，术后下床活动时间为（1.5±0.3）d，术后引流管拔除时间为（7.8±3.4）d，术后住院天数为（13.0±1.8）d；术后出现肛周感染1例，吻合口瘘2例，予以冲洗引流、抗感染、肛门坐浴等保守治疗后恢复；中位随访6个月未见肿瘤复发转移，无死亡病例。结论:对于中低位直肠癌患者，La-TaTME手术是安全可行的，近期疗效较好。     

儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病患者接种流感疫苗的有效性和安全性系统评价

目的通过检索已出版的文献,回顾有关儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)患者接种流感疫苗有效性和安全性,探索最优的接种策略,为临床提供参考。方法按照PICOS原则制定研究主题的检索策略,检索Pub Med、Em Base等英文文献数据库,由两位研究者独立使用PRISMA流程图筛选符合标准的文献,提取研究数据并进行评价。结果共检索到文献186篇,经筛选获有效文献29篇。评价研究文献显示,多数ALL患儿接种灭活流感疫苗可产生中等强度的免疫应答,各亚型/系的血清抗体保护率可分别达到33%~85%(A/HIN1)、38%~92%(A/H3N2)、14%~92%(B)及37%~88%(pH1N1);血清阳转率可分别达到0%~65%(A/HIN1)、20%~85%(A/H3N2)、0%~92%(B)及11%~81%(pH1N1),低于健康儿童或实体肿瘤患儿。疫苗预防实验室确诊的流感或流感样病例的临床使用有效性的研究有限,研究结果有争议。接种时有较高的基线淋巴细胞计数、Ig G水平、结束化疗或低化疗强度阶段、高年龄段患儿以及给予加强剂次可能会有较强的免疫应答;减活流感疫苗、高剂量流感疫苗、含佐剂流感疫苗均不能改善ALL患儿的免疫应答。疫苗在各治疗阶段接种均有较好的耐受性,不良反应轻微。结论 ALL患儿接种流感疫苗安全性好,可产生中等强度的血清学保护作用,建议维持治疗阶段接种标准剂量灭活流感疫苗;疫苗的临床有效性还有待设计良好的临床试验验证。     

艾烟刺激敏感针灸师人群流行病学特征分析——基于733例面对面横断面调查数据

目的:探索易产生艾烟刺激反应的针灸师人群流行病学特征,为临床艾烟安全性防护提供进一步指导;进一步验证网络调查的可行性。方法:自制艾烟机体反应调查问卷,对临床长期从事艾灸工作的针灸医师进行面对面问卷调查,运用Logistic回归模型分析影响针灸师易产生刺激反应的因素,获取对艾烟刺激敏感针灸师人群的流行病学特征。结果:共获取733例有效数据。多因素Logistic回归模型分析显示,慢性呼吸疾病史是接触艾烟后产生咳嗽、喉中有痰、气喘、呼吸困难、短气、鼻干刺激反应的影响因素(P<0.05,P<0.01);女性发生咳嗽、流泪、鼻干刺激反应的风险性高于男性(P<0.05,P<0.01);吸烟者发生眼干、眼痛的风险性高于不吸烟者(P<0.05);二手香烟暴露者发生短气的风险性高于非二手烟暴露者(P<0.05)。指数趋势线分析表明,网络调查和面对面调查所反映的机体刺激反应结果基本一致。结论:针灸师长期接触艾烟后产生机体刺激反应与慢性呼吸疾病史、女性、吸烟或二手香烟暴露有关,应对这类人群予以重点关注。网络问卷调查可用于艾烟安全性流行病学调查。     

Safety evaluations of adalimumab for childhood chronic rheumatic diseases

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Childhood rheumatic diseases (CRD) are chronic inflammatory conditions, often leading to severe functional impairment and disability. They produce high direct and indirect costs for patients, their families and society overall. Biologic treatment, adalimumab of note, has drastically changed the disease management, significantly decreasing morbidity, over childhood, and eventually lifelong. After 12 years of pediatric experience with adalimumab, safety data resulted of great interest.